Norwegian Council for Africa <update@afrika.no> wrote:
Date: Tue, 3 Apr 2007 10:35:45 GMT
To: abcee101@sbcglobal.net
Subject: Africa News Update 03/04/07
From: Norwegian Council for Africa <update@afrika.no>
****************************AFRICA NEWS UPDATE****************************
A news and background service from the Norwegian Council for Africa. The Norwegian Council for Africa (Fellesrådet for Afrika) is a non-profit NGO.
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NEXT EDITION OF ANU
WILL BE PUBLISHED WEDNESDAY, APRIL 11
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1. Zimbabwe: Stayaway call answered by police threats
2. Zimbabwe: Mugabe will step down willingly - Mbeki
3. Nigeria 53 killed in opposition clash
4. Uganda: SA and Kenya join peace talks
5. Uganda: Kampal threatens to enter DRC
6. Africa at large: Poachers target rhinos' ivory
7. Mozambique: Billions needed to solve energy crisis
8. Chad: A Solution to deforestation?
9. Namibia: Country to have a third uranium mine by 2008
10. South Africa: HIV-positive foreigners discriminated against
***********************************NEWSandBACKGROUND*************************************
1. Zimbabwe: Stayaway call answered by police threats
UN Integrated Regional Information Networks
April 2, 2007
Harare (Zimbabwe) - Zimbabwean authorities have warned the leadership
of the labour movement that they will deal ruthlessly with anyone preventing people from going to work on the eve of a two-day stayaway called to protest the country's economic collapse. The action, called by the Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions (ZCTU) for Tuesday and Wednesday, aims not to confront the police on the streets, but to register anger over the record rate of inflation, unemployment that affects eight out of 10 people, and the collapse of social services.
"We have emphasised that this will be a peaceful protest with no street marches; people are just urged not to go to work," said ZCTU secretary-general Wellington Chibebe. However, on Sunday ZCTU militants were reportedly warning public transporters that their vehicles would be torched if they were seen ferrying passengers to work on Monday. Assistant commissioner Wayne Bvudzijena, the national police spokesman, told IRIN the police would not tolerate any public disorder. "Police have already been
deployed in all major cities across the country to ensure that peace prevails. Police would like to warn those who want to coerce others not to report for work that it is an illegal act and will be dealt with ruthlessly by the police."
Zimbabwe has been simmering since February, after riot police and soldiers dispersed thousands of opposition supporters in the volatile Highfields suburb of the capital, Harare, when they turned up for a protest prayer rally. The meeting had been banned by the police, and one opposition member was shot dead in running street battles fought with the security forces. The prayer rally was to have been addressed by the leaders of the two opposition Movement for Democratic Change factions, Morgan Tsvangirai and Arthur Mutambara.
The images of Tsvangirai and other pro-democracy activists who were assaulted while in police custody made headlines across the world. In September 2006, the entire ZCTU leadership was beaten up in police
cells after holding a peaceful demonstration to demand better wages. Labour minister Nicholas Goche told IRIN the current boycott call was being used as a political weapon. "Workers must ignore the call to stay away because it is politically motivated. I am aware that some individuals in the ZCTU, who are aligned to the opposition MDC, want to drag workers into the Western-backed violence against Zimbabwe to effect regime change."
Chibebe stressed that the ZCTU's goal was to highlight the plight of workers. "We are demanding salaries to be pegged against the Poverty Datum Line, which is Zim$1 million [US$40 at the parallel market rate, US$4,000 at the official]. Transport costs alone, on average, are about Zim$440,000 a month [US$18 at the unofficial rate]." An average wage is about Zim$250,000 (US$10), and with inflation touching 1,700 percent the struggle to make ends meet is almost universal in Zimbabwe.
The job stayaway has received the backing of labour
movements in several African and European countries, but with a track record of tepid responses by workers to strike calls in recent years, there is some doubt of its success. "What we are likely to see is the police going into houses and forcing people to go to work; government buses will suddenly appear and provide transport," said human rights activist Pedzisai Ruhanya.
"But if the ZCTU did enough mobilisation, and also engaged some employers, then this time it might be successful. The problem is likely to be in the civil service, the majority employer, where workers will have no option but to report for work for fear of dismissal."
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2. Zimbabwe: Mugabe will step down willingly - Mbeki
Business Day (South Africa), by Karima Brown
April 3, 2007
Johannesburg (South Africa) - President Thabo Mbeki says the key to resolving the problems in Zimbabwe is the establishment
of conditions in which free and fair elections can be held. His mandate as a mediator in the Zimbabwean crisis was renewed by the Southern African Development Community (SADC) emergency summit last week. In a wide-ranging interview with the Financial Times newspaper, Mbeki said SA would not be in favour of "regime change" as a means of resolving Zimbabwe's political woes, as has been suggested by some western powers.
"We would not ever support any proposition about regime change. So that is not an option for us, whatever other people might think in the rest of the world," he said. Mbeki was at pains to defend SA's quiet diplomacy approach, saying it had not changed despite him coming under pressure to act more forcefully against the Mugabe regime. Mbeki poured cold water on calls for sanctions or switching off the electricity to SA's northern neighbour, saying, "we don't have a big stick".
He said SA had no intention of embarking on a course of action that
government believed would only increase the difficulties for ordinary Zimbabweans. Mbeki told the newspaper he was confident that Mugabe would step down willingly, despite the clampdown on political opposition over the past few years. "I think so. Yes, sure. You see President Mugabe and the leadership of Zanu (PF) believe they are running a democratic country. That's why you have an elected opposition, that's why it's possible for the opposition to run municipal government (in Harare and Bulawayo).
"You might question whether these elections are genuinely free and fair
but we have to get to the Zimbabweans so we do have elections that are genuinely free and fair," he said. Mbeki's comments come as the situation in Zimbabwe spirals out of control, and follows the outcome of a tough meeting of SADC leaders where beleaguered President Robert Mugabe was told privately to reform or retire. It is understood that, following the summit, the SADC is now putting together an
exit package for Mugabe underwritten by western countries.
Sources close to the summit say the US and UK have drafted a five-point plan, including an economic rescue package, as part of the way forward to complement the SADC initiative. The significance of the SADC outcome is that Mbeki now enjoys the full support of his peers in the region and can bring their authority to bear on Mugabe and the opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) a fact MDC leader Morgan Tsvangirai was well aware of during his visit to SA yesterday. The MDC leader, who in the past questioned Mbeki's impartiality as a mediator, yesterday gave Mbeki the thumbs up, promising to co-operate in any initiative to resolve the political impasse.
Mbeki stuck to his guns on crime in the interview, insisting that racism continued to cloud perceptions over escalating crime. "The people who built the apartheid system say we did all of this to try and build a wall around ourselves because
here we are sitting in this continent surrounded by black hordes and we don't know what they are going to do, so we needed to protect ourselves whether it is prohibiting sexual relations between black and white, delineating residential areas, saying this is black and this is white. "It all had to do with a fear that one day we would be swamped, that they would just come and devour us. It would seem to me that some of the communication you get around crime is driven still by this notion of fear."
On the divisive issue of the ANC's succession battle Mbeki played his cards close to his chest. "At imbizos no one ever says who will be the next president of the ANC. They say, 'president, our children are matriculating from school, they are sitting at home because there is no money to go to university and there are no jobs, so do something'. We have to respond and the ANC has to respond," he
said.
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3. Nigeria 53 killed in opposition clash
Vanguard (Nigeria)
April 3, 2007
Twenty-three dead bodies have so far been recovered even as no fewer than fifty three persons have been confirmed killed in Assakio, headquarters of Lafia East Local Government Area of Nasarawa State. This includes three people who were beheaded in a political clash involving supporters of the Peoples Democratic Party governorship candidate in the state, Alhaji Aliu Akwe Doma and his All Nigerian People Party counterpart, Chief Solomon Ewuga, at the weekend.
The development has triggered off a clash between the state's most populous ethnic groups, the Alagos and the Eggons with over four villages so far razed and several people rendered homeless in the three-day clash.
Alhaji Aliu Akwe Doma is from the Alago extraction while Chief Solomon Ewuga is an Eggon man. Director-General of the
ANPP Campaign Organisation and former Peoples Democratic Party governorship in the state, Alhaji Tanko Baba, who addressed newsmen with his party's exco members in Lafia, yesterday, accused the state governor, Alhaji Abdullahi Adamu, and the PDP governorship candidate, Alhaji Aliu Akwe Doma of masterminding the attack on his party loyalists even as he warned that the development if not promptly handled may result in genocide and the cancellaiton of elections.
The incident was said to have started at the palace of Chief of Alago town where the ANPP goverorship candidate and his entourage had paid a courtesy visit. The state commissioner of police, Alhaji Abubakar Audu, who confirmed the development to newsmen, said he had deployed more police officers to the trouble area to contend the situation as the people have resorted to night raids on their victims.
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4. Uganda: SA and Kenya join
peace talks
Daily Nation (Kenya)
April 3, 2007
Kampala (Uganda) South Africa, Kenya and Mozambique are joining stalled talks to end Ugandas two-decade old northern civil war, Uganda has said. The Lords Resistance Army (LRA) rebels had said they would only return to the negotiating table if other nations besides mediator Sudan were brought into the talks in south Sudans capital Juba. They left in January after Sudans president threatened to get rid of the LRA from Sudan. Kenya, South Africa and Mozambique ... have agreed to join the mediation team in Juba, Ugandas State Minister for International Affairs Henry Okello Oryem told Reuters.
The next round of talks are due on April 13 in Juba, and it will be led by the United Nations special representative for northern Uganda, former Mozambican President Joaquim Chissano, Oryem said. If those countries have come on board, that is a welcome and positive development, LRA spokesman Godfrey Ayoo
said by telephone from the Kenyan capital Nairobi. We are ready to meet the government and the mediator to continue searching for lasting peace in northern Uganda.
Chissano met LRA leader Joseph Kony twice in the Congolese jungle of Garamba, a move widely seen a catalyst for the resumption of the talks. The International Criminal Court has issued arrest warrants for Kony and four other commanders, and has rejected calls to drop them to help spur the talks along. Northern Ugandans want the LRA leaders to undergo traditional Mato Oput justice, a reconciliation ceremony, as an alternative to trials at The Hague.
The Ugandan government says it would be satisfied with an alternative system of justice to deal with LRA war crimes, which include killing civilians, mutilating victims and kidnapping children to use as fighters and sex slaves. Early this year, the Lords Resistance Armys second in command, Vincent Otti, said he is aware of a discreet plot by the
government to have him and his overall commander, Mr Kony, arrested as soon as they leave their hideout in the Congo. Mr Otti, however, in another classic illustration of rebel bravado, said he is ready to annihilate his would be captors.
In an interview with Daily Monitor, the LRA top field commander vowed to fight for his life if anyone attempted to execute standing International Criminal Court arrest warrants against him or any of the rebel top leadership. I know all government plans on us including this current development of their commitment to arrest us but whoever comes to execute it will receive great consequences.
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5. Uganda: Kampal threatens to enter DRC
New Vision (Uganda) , Emmy Allio
April 2, 2007
Kampala (Uganda) - Kampala is threatening to send troops to the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) to uproot the rebels using eastern Congo as a sanctuary
and base to raid Uganda. "The people of Uganda must be re-assured that the government will not allow its territory and people to be attacked by these terrorists. We reserve the right to self-defence, inclu-ding pursuing terrorists to their points of origin," defence minister Crispus kiyonga told a press conference on Saturday.
In the company of the Land Forces Commander, Lt. Gen. Katumba Wamala, the minister named the negative forces operating in eastern Congo as the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF), the People's Redemption Army (PRA) and the National Army for the Liberation of Uganda (NALU). The warning comes a few days after the UPDF battled ADF rebels in the Semliki river area in Bundibugyo district. With the discovery of 14 more bodies, the ADF death toll has risen to 43. Five others were captured. On the UPDF side, two soldiers were killed and four wounded.
"I want to appeal to the government of the DRC and the UN forces in Congo to deal with this
situation by implementing agreed positions that we discussed at different levels several times," the minister added. Uganda is proposing joint military and political action by the governments in the region to solve the issue of negative forces. "The government believes that the presence of negative forces on the soil of DRC is a matter that requires regional cooperation," Kiyonga asserted.
The Lusaka Peace agreement lists the ADF, NALU, the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) and the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR) as negative forces that are supposed to be disarmed by a joint force of the African Union, the UN and regional states. Under the agreement, the UN Observer Mission in Congo, MONUC, and the Congolese army have a duty to either induce the negative forces to surrender and disarm, or to forcibly disarm them.
The issue has also been discussed at the Tripartite-Plus commission, composed Great Lakes region countries - Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi
and Congo - where the US and MONUC are observers. The commission aims at enhancing cooperation in the region through the exchange of intelligence information and the creation of a forum to address common security concerns. In their recent meeting in Kigali, they exchanged lists of most wanted persons living in each other's countries.
Despite these initiatives, Uganda and Rwanda appear to be dissatisfied. The issue of the negative forces, as well as humanitarian concerns over claims of genocide in eastern Congo, prompted the two countries to send troops to the DRC in 1997. "Uganda has been discussing the subject of the negatives forces in eastern Congo with the UN, the DRC and its development partners. Commitments to deal with these terrorists have been made but as far as we are concerned, no tangible action followed," Kiyonga said.
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6. Africa at large: Poachers target rhinos'
ivory
South African Press Association (SAPA)
April 2, 2007
Johannesburg (South Africa) - Images of rhinos with severed horns and elephants with bleeding feet mangled by snares illustrated a report on wildlife poaching in southern Africa released by an animal rights group on Monday. Rhinos and elephants are being increasingly targeted by poachers for the rhino horn and ivory trades, while smaller mammals such as antelope are being tracked for bush meat, said Animal Rights Africa (ARA).
In its Consuming Wild Life: The Illegal Exploitation of Wild Animals in South Africa, Zimbabwe and Zambia report, the group notes the illegal killing of wild animals, using guns, snares, poison or hunting dogs, falls into three categories. Traffickers, often operating as part of international criminal networks, trade meat, ivory and rhino horn on local and international markets. Poor people kill game for food and to sell parts as souvenirs or to traditional healers and
wealthy individuals hunt animals in protected areas for their trophy value.
While data collection on the subject is fragmented, figures obtained by ARA show significant amounts of poaching, often targeting reserves. At least 70 rhinos have been killed in South Africa's famous Kruger National Park in the past six years, where a park spokesperson admitted there had been a "slow and steady increase during the years". In Zimbabwe, the rhino population in three parks had dropped sharply, said ARA, quoting figures from the Zimbabwe Conservation Task Force.
In Matusadona National Park, only eight out of 40 black rhinos living there seven years ago were still to be seen. The animal rights group also cited media reports of 28 elephants killed in two national parks in Zimbabwe - 11 in Chizarira National Park and 17 in Hwange National Park - since October 2006. The governments of Mali and Kenya, which are seeking a ban on all trade in elephant products, said they
suspect a large amount of the 41 tonnes of ivory confiscated worldwide originates from Zimbabwe or Zambia, according to ARA.
In Zambia, the trade in illegal bush meat was seen to be brisk with 12 tonnes of meat seized in the country in 2006. Several countries, including Zimbabwe, have complained that the ban on elephant products proposed by Kenya and Mali will seriously affect hunting. The proposal is to be discussed at a conference of the Convention on International Trade and Endangered Species (Cites) in the Netherlands in June.
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7. Mozambique: Billions needed to solve energy crisis
Mozambique News Agency
March 31, 2007
Mozambique needs about $5 billion to invest in energy projects to solve the current crisis in this sector, according to Energy Minister Salvador Namburete. The government is currently seeking investments for new hydroelectric power stations. Of
these the largest is the projected Mepanda Nkua dam, on the Zambezi River 70 kilometres downstream from the existing dam at Cahora Bassa.
Mepanda Nkua could generate 1,300 megawatts, a new power station on the Lurio River could produce 120 megawatts, and the recently rehabilitated dam at Massingir, on the Elephants River, a major tributary of the Limpopo, could contribute 27 megawatts. Speaking to reporters during an interval in the Forum of African Energy Ministers, Namburete added that a gas-fired power station in Inhambane province could produce 750 megawatts. There were also plans for a large coal-fired power station at Moatize in Tete province.
"At the same time we are still conducting feasibility studies on other places with the potential to generate energy", the Minister said. "We have a great energy potential, that may reach 12,500 megawatts in hydropower alone. That would be enough to satisfy our needs, not only to serve the people, but also for the
mega-projects".
Several major industrial projects are held up because of a shortage of power. This is the case, for example, with the third phase of the MOZAL aluminium smelter. "MOZAL III and other projects are awaiting the confirmation of availability of energy to go ahead. We want those projects to be developed quickly", said Namburete. Speaking of the forum, Namburete said that its aim is "to harmonise points of view concerning ways to solve the crisis of energy on the African Continent".
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8. Chad: A Solution to deforestation?
Inter Press Service (IPS), by Michaël Didama
April 2, 2007
N'djamena (Chad) - It's affordable, and central to stopping deforestation in Chad. But, butane gas has a long way to go before it becomes a household staple in this Sahelian country: many Chadians have a fixed belief that gas is simply too dangerous to use. "I have forbidden the
use of gas in my home because it causes accidents that are often fatal," says Narcisse Laldjim, a journalist and member of the Chadian Environmental Journalists Network (Réseau des journalistes Tchadiens pour l'environnement).
He points to the death of Maurice Laoukoura, the owner of a bar in Benoye, southern Chad, who was incinerated in July 1999 while trying to light a gas stove. "I acknowledge that gas can be a solution to the destruction of forests, but it is too dangerous and I have small children at home," observes Laldjim. There are no official statistics on the number of gas-related accidents to have occurred in Chad.
But, this hasn't stopped Marcelline Nodjilembaye, an assistant accountant at the office of the United Nations Development Programme in Chad's capital, N'Djamena, from changing to another energy source for her cooking. "Since the death of that business woman from Moundou, I no longer want to use gas," she says, in reference to the demise
in 2000 of Bibiane Koumando, a business woman who died in a gas explosion. Koumando suffered third degree burns in her kitchen, also while attempting to light a gas stove.
"It will be difficult to make Chadians accept gas, after everything that has happened," notes Nodjilembaye. Statistics from the local office of the World Bank bear out this assertion. According to these figures, only four percent of Chadian households use gas at present; the rest rely on charcoal or firewood. This means that about 730,000 tonnes of wood are needed each year in N'Djamena alone, which has more than a million residents, something that is leading to steady deforestation.
Still, there are some who are swimming against the tide. Amina Klingar, a computer specialist in N'Djamena, is one of them. "I have always used gas because it saves me time and money," she says. A 12 kilogramme cylinder of gas, which costs 24 dollars at government-subsidised prices in N'Djamena -- or even 18
dollars across the border in Kousseri, Cameroon -- lasts for upwards of four months, observes Klingar.
This compares favourably to the cost of charcoal. A four-month supply of this energy source would cost Klingar between 72 and 96 dollars, depending on the season.
Jérémie Odering Goulaye, Chad's environment minister for the past decade, has tried to compel citizens to use gas, even having road blocks set up at all entrances to the capital at one point to prevent charcoal makers and woodcutters from selling their goods in the city. Officials seized the firewood and charcoal loads that were discovered. However, unscrupulous representatives from the water and forestry department later sold the confiscated wood and charcoal on the black market, which undermined the effectiveness of the operation to a great extent.
For Mouimou Djekoré, a lecturer and researcher at the Regional Centre for Training in the Environment and Combating Desertification (Centre
régional de formation en environnement et lutte contre la désertification) in Sarh, southern Chad, putting a halt to demand is more effective than blocking supply. "If Chadians start using gas, the sellers of charcoal and firewood will stop trading by themselves, and the county will thus be saved from desertification," he notes.
Government has also started the National Gas Programme (Programme national gaz, PNG) to convince people to make the switch to gas. A PNG team previously conducted meetings across the country to promote gas use, and to demonstrate meaures that make use of the product safe. But, this campaign was stopped two years ago because of lack of funds, says PNG co-ordinator Hamat Haffadine. Use of gas isn't inherently dangerous, and most accidents are caused by inadequate safety measures. Often, the valve of a gas stove is not closed properly, causing a leakage that then catches alight.
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9. Namibia: Country to have a third uranium mine by 2008
Panafrican News Agency (PANA)
April 2, 2007
Windhoek (Namibia) - Namibia's uranium miner, UraMIn Namibia, Monday said it would start commercially mining its flagship Trekkopje uranium deposit in 2008, heralding a third mine for Namibia's booming uranium sector. UraMin Namibia is a wholly owned subsidiary of AIM listed UraMIn Inc. Annoncing its preliminary results to December 2006, UraMin CEO Ian Stalker said that a feasibility study for the Trekkopje would be completed in the third quarter of 2007, after which trial mining would commence in the fourth quarter of the same year.
Stalker, who said that the company has cash resources of up to US$ 300 million, added that commercial mining would kick off in 2008 with an estimated production of 4.2 million pounds of uranium in 2009. Production would be ramped up to
8.4 million pounds of yellow-cake in 2011 for total production of 61 million pounds of uranium oxide and 20 million pounds of vanadium pentoxide. UraMin had previously forecast initial production of 3.3 million pounds of uranium using a mining method called tank leach processing.
"A trial mining is planned for the fourth quarter of 2007 and commercial production is planned for late 2008," Stalker said. The firm's engineering consultant, SRK has estimated operating costs of US$18.07 per pound of U308 and estimated start up capital expenditure of approximately US$0.5 billion. Stalker said that heap leaching is currently the preferred processing technology following successful initial test work that indicated recoveries of approximately 75 percent.
Should it come to be, the Trekkopje project would be the first of UraMin's development projects to come on stream, with the South Africa and Central African Republic (CAR) projects anticipated to start rolling in
2011.
UraMin owns the Bakouma project in CAR and Ryst Kuil project in South Africa. It would also be Namibia's third uranium mine after Rio Tinto's Rossing Uranium mine which has been in operation for three decades.
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10. South Africa: HIV-positive foreigners discriminated against
Business Day (South Africa), by Poppie Mphuthing
April 3, 2007
Johannesburg (South Africa) - HIV-positive foreigners living in SA are discriminated against by health professionals, according to Francois Venter, president of the HIV Clinicians' Society. Venter said xenophobia was "a huge problem" that extended to the professional clinicians in government's health facilities. Medical staff, he alleged, were restricting refugees' and asylum- seekers' access to antiretroviral drugs (ARVs).
Venter was speaking on Friday at the launch of a publication by the society that deals with the ARV
treatment of refugees.
The welfare of refugees in this country has been neglected, said Venter, especially in government budgets. Lobby groups have urged the government to ensure that refugees be assisted in gaining access to the health care system. Venter said specific guidelines for the treatment of HIV-positive refugees should be developed. They should be aimed at educating health professionals and non-government organisations. Venter said many health practitioners were not willing to overcome cultural differences and language barriers because they viewed refugees as short-term residents.
They believed that HIVpositive foreigners came to South Africa because of the availability of antiretroviral drugs. "Myths are perpetuated by health-care staff," he said. The director-general of the health department, Thami Mseleku, said health-care professionals were "also human" and "susceptible to the prejudices found in society". But there were many health-care
professionals who provided services to people regardless of their origin.
Mseleku said clinicians and other health professionals were guided by "the constitution of our country, which guarantees the right to health care for all". They were also guided by their own non-discriminatory "training and ethics", and by the code of practice of their profession. The senior regional HIV/AIDS coordinator for the United Nations's High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Laurie Campbell Bruns, said: "We cannot ethically or otherwise deny treatment (to refugees) on the premise that they might not be here in the future." She says it is important that access to antiretroviral drugs be extended to everyone in SA.
Celicia Serenata, a specialist at the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, in the US, said: "The treatment of refugees has not been addressed adequately. I am keen to see the wide distribution of the (HIV Clinicians' Society's) guidelines." Venter said people
who were turned away from clinics were forced to buy antiretroviral drugs in the private sector but then did not benefit from the counselling that was mandatory in the public sector. "In private practice, people often club together to buy drugs," he said. He said it was time health-care professionals treated HIV-positive people regardless of their immigration status. "It's probably far cheaper to treat them than to have them die in our hospitals."
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